Healthcare professionals (HPs) serving on the front lines are at a heightened risk of contracting COVID-19. Their health practices have a direct impact on the control and prevention measures implemented in response to this ongoing pandemic crisis. Hence, it is crucial to understand their level of practice and the factors influencing these practices. This recently conducted systematic review and meta-analysis intends to evaluate the overall practice level and associated elements concerning COVID-19 prevention among health professionals in Ethiopia. The results of this study can prove significant in improving infection prevention measures during a pandemic.
The data for this review and meta-analysis was gathered from multiple sources, including PubMed, Scoups, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Google Advance, and the Cochrane Library. The time frame for data collection extended from December 20, 2023, to January 30, 2024. Microsoft Excel (version 10) was used to unearth the data. The analysis was performed using STATA version 11. Additionally, tests like the Egger’s regression test and I2 statistics were implemented to check for publication bias and study heterogeneity.
This comprehensive review processed eighteen studies encompassing 7,775 health professionals. It was found that 57.03% of the health professionals employed correct practices. Major predictors of good practice included access to infection prevention training, comprehensive knowledge, holding an education degree of MSc or above, and exhibiting a positive approach. Surprisingly, nearly 43% of health professionals reported poor practice. It was recommended that the authorities work towards eliminating barriers and enhancing the zero infection principles among health professionals, especially during a pandemic situation.
The outcomes of this systematic review and meta-analysis give invaluable insights to policymakers, programmers, and decision-makers in the health sector, also aiding federal health office ministers in managing health services better during crises such as a pandemic. Efforts to reduce the infection rate among health professionals can save countless lives and improve health service management, especially in underdeveloped countries with limited resources like Ethiopia.